No vessel coming from England or Eng- lands colonies should be admitted to their ports.

To this England re- plied by severe Orders in Council, which Napoleon capped by additional decrees, issued from Milan.

This novel form of warfare had very important consequences.

This struggle with England dominates the whole period from 1807 to 1814.

Epochal It is the central thread that runs through all the tangled character of an tumultuous history of those years.